Fiber optic cable

Optical cable signal attenuation diagnostics (attenuation testing, optical loss testing) is a process aimed at identifying and eliminating problems in fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL). Signal attenuation occurs as it passes through the fiber due to scattering and absorption of radiation, as well as due to inhomogeneities in the fiber (defects, kinks). When the attenuation is too great, the signal may arrive at the other end of the line not strong enough for the receiver to distinguish its individual pulses. Optical cable soldering is the process of joining two fibers using high-temperature exposure. For this, special welding machines are used, in which the process is fully automated. Depending on the nature of the damage, repair may include the following steps: Fiber optic welding: If the cable has been cut, it is necessary to weld the damaged fibers. For this, a special welding machine is used, which ensures high accuracy and minimal signal loss. Welding is performed in several stages: stripping the fiber, alignment and the actual welding. After welding, the connection point is protected with heat shrink tubing. Replacing a section of cable: In the event of serious damage, it may be necessary to replace the entire section of cable. This is especially true for underground and underwater lines. When replacing, it is important to use a cable of the same type and characteristics to avoid incompatibility. Installing connecting joints: To protect the connection point, special joints are used that ensure tightness and protection from external influences. Joints can be either detachable or non-detachable, depending on the operating conditions. 5. Testing and commissioning After completing the repair, it is necessary to test the line to ensure that there are no signal losses or other problems. For this, an OTDR or other measuring devices are used again. Only after successful testing can the line be put into operation. Testing includes checking the signal level, attenuation, and other parameters. If all parameters are normal, the line is considered ready for use.